We are on the last day of 2006, the development course of RFID industry in one year of making an inventory. In ” 11 five ” Openning year, development policies and planning issue one after another, lead the intersection of RFID and industry along act on one’s own, innovate, open healthy order develop, technological innovation and employing presenting the tendency of the broken callus, the whole RFID trade is going out of the Chaos, meet the dawn.
RFID needs technology, needs ROI mode even more
An western scholar has said: ” whether China need the intersection of Nobel and award-winner, need Bill * Gates even more ” . This sentence is got in 2006 China RFID industry in conformity with the card too. Technology is vital absolutely, but in RFID applied Chaos period initially, need someone to design the sharp RFID investment repayment mode even more. A lot of CIO or RFID potential user’s concept in RFID what’s frequently heard can be repeated in detail already, this point too from this year big and small a dozen the intersection of RFID and exhibition, confirm in the seminar, the exhibition last year, the forum honoured guests of RFID generally all discuss RFID principle technology first, discuss one’s own products, but from this year, ” knows the wind ” of this kind of RFID Change to some extent, there is too little to even time to popularize have, more time leaves for show time of products and solution. But a lot of users talk that come with RFID, it is still a word without exception: Expensive.
Is the fact really like this? See that comes from going to two big enterprises of RFID - one hundred and uniting a series of figures of group and Haier Group in 2006: One hundred unite the intersection of group and the intersection of stream and centre, use behind the RFID, book into error ratio that is put on the shelf, it reduces from 8% to to be almost 0%, dry work of 5 forklift trucks while using the bar code originally that one can use the forklift truck of RFID, while manpower, equipment cost drop, efficiency, benefit are promoted greatly. After adopting RFID label on the production line of the special refrigerator of Haier, more than 20 pieces of procedure come down, time is saved from 32 seconds originally to 25 seconds, have been replaced 7 original bar codes by a RFID label, and can reuse, RFID superiority need to doubt.
In Chinese retail businesses and manufacturing industries after two bellwethers have led and succeeded in eating a crab, can eat a small something capable of setting one’s mind at ease for the users of Chinese enterprise, also need RFID technological provider’s careful planning in RFID project, it is implemented that careful. Because IT basic level, business demand of each enterprise are different, application modes are not all the same. We watch whole the intersection of IT and situation of trade later, indicate all IT have 26% successful only in the project according to the intersection of Standish Group and the intersection of investigation and structure. According to an authoritative investigation in China, the implementation success rate of Chinese enterprise ERP projects is only less than 30%. A lot of RFID projects are based on IT projects such as enterprises ERP, WMS, SCM, MES,etc., without these ” The giant’s shoulder ” Or shoulder firm, RFID speed and result that event starts might know discounts too. So, pursued centring in China IT big enterprise with better level of comparative success of RFID project in enterprises in 2006.
The country had an effect to support in 06
Regarded as in 2006 ” 11 five ” Open in the first year of an era, ” national medium and long-term science and technological development planning outline ” (from 2006 to 2020) , ” the the intersection of the People’s Republic of China and national the intersection of economic and social development and 11th five year planning outline ” with >Trichotomous and national-level planning outlines are issued in succession, has expounded the national strategy intention, the distinct focal point of work of the government, China’s automatic recognition technology and applied developing direction and industry’s independent innovation strategy while further defining the following several years.
1,RFID white paper
June 9, the Ministry of Science and Technology unites the national development and reform committee, Department of Commerce, Information Industry Department, Ministry of Communications, General Customs Administration, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Construction, the quality monitoring of Ministry of Agriculture and country examines the quarantine general bureau, national standardized committee, State Post Bureau, national the intersection of food and medicines supervise administration bureau, China Association for Standardization, the intersection of China and stream and purchase federation 15 all ministries and commissions, write jointly >Announce to the outside in the form of national technological industrial policy formally, the white paper, in line with the scientific and prospective and guidance principle, offer the systemic guide for China RFID technology and development during the following several years of industry.
Technical policy white paper comes from U.S.A. first, advocate ” information superhighway ” Clinton In period, American Department of Commerce successively released ” EC I, EC II, EC III ” among 1998-2000 years Three white papers, lay the foundation in the leading position of times of the E-business today for U.S.A.. To the policy white paper which single technology published as the first time of China, and that the first union 15 ministries and commissions make a technological white paper. We are convinced, under national support and guide, drive the technology with independent intellectual property right and development of products, promote the forming of the independent RFID industry chain, and set up autonomous innovation system and Chinese RFID technological standard system taking enterprise as body.
2,RFID project support
Before and after the white paper is issued, the project issue of scientific and technological project support of national a series of RFID, have strengthened the resolution of autonomous innovation in the industry.
Country high-tech research development plan ( 863 Program) : National 863 Program will centre on the common technology in China RFID industry development and prospective technology with greater development potentiality, critical technology related to industrialization, employ critical technology, typical trade or five general orientations of enterprise RFID technological demonstration application and RFID standard fundamental research to promote the research of RFID technology and applicant,
Development and reform committee: In first half of the year, the national development and reform committee offers project support to RFID industry, three enterprises support bearing the unit of the project as this development and reform committee RFID industry development finally.
3,The national standard is made
RFID standard, it is always focus one of the questions that Chinese industry disputes. Include the determination of UHF frequency point, and RFID ” China’s standard ” here Two big problems. The former, already gradually under the clear situation, how deal with more and more noticeable this year the latter. Just as, code center director Zhang ChengHai speak Chinese articles, how to deal with the ralationship between ISO, EPC and China RFID national standard system is one of the important problems that the development RFID industry of China should solve at present.
Run China RFID standard under the open environment, need more high starting point and autonomous technology. It participates in ISO, EPC to be canonial to make, revise, work actively, through participation of essentiality, reflect, get, make, revise in the the course while being canonial while being international demand and the intersection of autonomous innovation and content of China, reflect national interests are required, and capture some commanding points. Meanwhile, it needs any that emphasizes to be also, standard formulation it works to be thing of government not merely, also need positive participation of enterprise, the third party, the ones that set up standard formulation, in coordination with the working mechanism of the linkage. In July of this year, Chinese standardized study group investigated to Japan and Korea S. that visits, in standard policy, the two countries of Japan and Korea S. pay close attention to ISO/EPCglobal standard, it is with important significance to put emphasis on adopting the international standard to participate in global trade, realize interconnection in meeting this country.
The independent standard can bring considerable interests to China, this is obvious; Say, have to acknowledge China really lacks the critical technology of RFID from making canonial technology, for example chip fabrication, etch the aerial craft etc., this requires us to consult the standard of EPC or ISO. How is the standard which China will make still nobody compatible with Gen 2 and ISO 18000-6B can provide the clear answer technically.
Can be found out from several large actions of the country, resolution makes the independent RFID standard in the country. However, it does not mean succeeding that the national standard is issued, need to stand the test of the market, enterprises will meet difficulty and obstacle in real application, want the thereupon constant improvement in independent standard. In a word, there are standards that are better than having no standard far: Without standard, a lot of enterprises are looking around, waiting; It have will last RFID industry standard, enterprise,will popularization and sound developments more favorable to China RFID.
It was China RFID industry in 06 in the first year of an era original in technological innovation
From aspect of government, the strength of foot develops RFID industry in a more cost-effective manner under the country, the most typical clear proof is national 863 Program (promote conscientiously) , white paper ( Make the clear development outline) Wait, planning with the feasible policy and true project support, the country regard enterprise as and develop the body, and integrate and innovate and combine together in line with autonomous innovation on the premise of promoting in a more cost-effective manner, enterprise, policy, production, learning and research, using the development model of combining together, lead the enterprises to join forces to push RFID industry into the speedway.
In technical research, inherit the development spirit acted on one’s own and innovated, centre on the common technology in RFID industry development and prospective technology with greater development potentiality, critical technology related to industrialization, employ critical technology, typical trade or five general orientations of enterprise RFID technological demonstration application and RFID standard fundamental research to promote the research of RFID technology and applicant. 06 year, key technology, RFID of China, make breakthrough progress, appear a series of domestic the intersection of RFID and label, reader writer, capsulate RFID products that apparatus,etc. research and develop independently, for example, female sharp Electronics Co., Ltd. of Shanghai designs first Gen2 chip of China, Shenzhen favoured field Industrial Co., Ltd to exhibit the all automatic RFID electronic label of first high performance of China researched and developed at the new and advanced technology exchanging meeting of Shenzhen independently to capsulate apparatus and electronic label Proof press. Meanwhile, China RFID industry makes good progress in the middleware technical field too. In standard formulation, the country is devoted to issuing sector standard and national standard to popularize and guide the direction for sound development and technical application of the trade. There are rules, can draw the neighbourhood. Just on December 1 this year, the national standard of ” animal’s code construction of Radio Frequency Identification ” is implemented formally, this standard has stipulated the structure of animal’s code of binary scale of recognition process of animal’s radio frequency, help every animal administrative department to coordinate and cooperate, realize and manage as a whole, has offered the solid basic guiding principle for further strengthening animal’s management in China.
Believe until favourable policy instruct correctly 06 year, China will make the achievement break-through in such aspects as RFID technological research and standard formulation, build up the health development path with technical industry chain and sustainable development of independent intellectual property right.
It was the practical year in China RFID industry in 06
Review actual the intersection of application and situation for one year, country practical to fall the effect planning at the paper, turn into real application. Having chosen six representative trade fields in RFID radio frequency bulletin, but we read, RFID actual application situation of this six major fields.
ATA5567 is a miniature 330bit read/write transponder, there is peculiar ID, optimized for the control access ISO card of future generation specially, this kind of card can be spent on the access control system ’ Hotel room, engineering department, office and car parking) Neutralize and serve as membership card. Because ATA5567 has used the low frequency signal, the application area is very extensive.
ATA5567 includes an available 75pF electric capacity on slice, the size is smaller than 1mm2, can use any transponder to capsulate. It peculiar ID can guarantee data safety of terminal customer, prevents the access to that the safe field has not authorized, have increased the repeated utility of this product too like this.
Chip this passive and to find system design in 120-150kHZ for work, support different modulation and the intersection of code and type, have code generator of binary scale on every one. In addition, it also has downward compatibility, can substitute the Off-The-Shelf T5557 chip in many kinds of application.
The ones that were created by IBM in 1999 ” It is calculated that general and right” The concept, let people pamper imagination on the ubiquitous prospect of the network for the first time; Now, the network is technical to develop to let this anticipation have an opportunity and be realized: Wireless a mesh network ’ Also called the self-organization network) Can construct the multi-point network framework, ZigBee technology of many dot pair and finish positioning the sensory system, information node that RFID technology is responsible for disposing the network, the integration of these three will realize an omnipresent information network.
The technical development of network has already changed people’s life, a lot of people want to ask: Is it a dream to let the network be ubiquitous? In the near future, can we make use of wireless mesh network, ZigBee, RFID technology to realize? At that time, with what kind of posture will it appear in front of us?
The scene one: Under the environment of a meeting room, if the display effect of the projection apparatus is not very ideal, the host can send the file to each personnel participating in the meeting through one’s own mobile terminal device. When the spokesman walks close to the discussion group participating in the conference, its mobile terminal device can join this group dynamically, download the discussion materials of this group. Through but upper sensitive middleware hereinbelow in reconfiguration, wireless mesh network stress perception and trends in environment the intersection of group and support of network communication.
Foundation: Many P-MP point-to-multipoints
Self-organization network (Ad hoc) Support much the intersection of dot pair and multi-point net structure, it store obvious difference in with traditional wireless network at the characteristic in network connection and routing,etc.. In the self-organization network, each node only and it is close to nodal communication, the data packet sent out from a node, according to the disposition hop-by-hop (hop) of the relevant agreement Transmit to the destination node, this kind of structure has more advantages compared with traditional P-MP point-to-multipoint network architecture.
Reliability is improved: In the communication among the farther nodes apart, the data packet will be transmitted through a plurality of nodal ones, transmit to the destination node progressively. For example, when a terminal station is farther from the access point, the signal will transmit the signal to the access point through another close terminal station, in this case, the wireless chain length will be shortened, the transmission distance, performance requirement and required transmitted power for the aerial will be reduced, thus has reduced and interfered with among signals. In addition, at self-organization network each apparatuses can direct communication,or whether it connect to by apparatuses other through the transmitting of the network. This kind of network dispensed with the demand of the expensive honeycomb tower, avoided the transmission bottleneck caused because of being with centralized communication link at the same time, so, the transmission rate of the network and utilization factor of the frequency are very high.
The conflict is lightened: The self-organization network can be in order to lighten the business to a large extend to conflict while carrying out. This is because the periodic line is net structure, the workable chain way of each node increases greatly, and each network node has routing function, if a certain periodic line among them has broken down, the node all right other available periodic lines of automatic steering are inserted, therefore lighten the possibility that the business conflicts while carrying out, for example, the rainy day will cause certain decay to power of the wireless periodic line, but the influence of the weather is local, directive, usually the available route of the codirectional or probability under this kind of weather condition of available periodic line should be greater than the direction to differ by the greater available route or periodic line, therefore the route or periodic line of presenting the obtuse angle relation will be reduced greatly when being influenced by this kind of weather factor.
Simplifying has no design of way of the linear chain: Compare the star network, the self-organization network is simplified in the design of the wireless periodic line to some extent too.
Convenient maintenance: Maintenance and staging of the reduced network of self-organization network, as noted previously, each node has available route of multiterm, among them a certain periodic line or route will not influence the normal execution of the business while cutting off, therefore staging and dilatation in some areas will not influence the operation of the whole network, have facilitated the maintenance and operation of the network. Moreover, the self-organization network can network by oneself, this means any communicating device in the system after opening the power, Auto-sweep, find and join the Off-The-Shelf network, route and interlinkage among every communicating device will be thereupon formed automatically. And, this network system can not depend on any miscellaneous movement and fix the network equipment of communication in any place, the fast ground cover is set up. For example can be in the BLDG, in the tunnel, and the remote area sets up this network system.
The scene two: , the information access service of any place that the omnipresent network can offer one any time. For example, an ambulance equipped with wireless navigation system, can position the scene of the accident of the burst accurately, utilize the wireless network to obtain real time traffic information. In the scene of the accident, monitor data such as the patient’s pulse, blood pressure, breathing,etc. through the walkie and mobile equipment, the medical service system that distributed through the wireless access to netwoks, download essential information such as relevant case history data. Respond to the mechanism besides the emergency based on navigation system, the function of this system also includes long-range medical diagnosis, long-range patient care based on mobile equipment and wireless network, and the remote access has medical database of patient’s case history information.
There is no perception of linear location
On the basis of framework of the wireless mesh network, in order to strengthen the information acquisition of the network and obtain ability, arise at the historic moment after merging sensor technique, information processing technique and network communication technical alignment perception technology, and then become the wireless sensor network. It is a network formed through the self-organisation of wireless communication skill by a large number of sensor nodal points, it is one of the important constituent elements in a network environment to realize the quantization of machine format collection, deal with merging and transmit and employ. On the premise of not considering user’s individual privacy question, how to obtain users’ place information dynamically, and the place information got can reach certain precision, the general error is limited to several centimetres; How to offer various required services positively and proactive to users, these position the function that the sensory system can be realized.
Can imagine, it positions sensory systems to be must navigation system and the intersection of position and systematic tight coupling of the two, users move over into a new position each time, the system can carry on accurate positioning in real time, then confirm the Object set information of this particular position. Utilize information the, it positions sensory systems to be can positive and proactive to the intersection of user and various information that broadcast can offer, thus make users be chosen one’s own required information effectively.
A foreword
The intersection of radio frequency and recognition technology RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) It is the automatic recognition technology of a kind of non-contact, radio frequency signal of use and space-coupling and non-contact both-way communication that the transmission characteristic paid, data interchange is not to put through through the contact of the electric current but pass electric field and magnetic field, namely communicate through the wireless way, realize the automatic recognition of the resting or moving body. China still remains in primary stage in the field of low frequency RFID to RFID technical research at present, receiver, RFID of low frequency, its have, discern from near, the intersection of precision and low, the intersection of power consumption and the intersection of loud and interference-free difference,etc. and shortcoming. For suitable for, demand, discern from long reading and writing the intersection of data rate and high, the intersection of anti-interference and strong various occasion, we have designed a kind of high-performance ultra-high frequency Radio Frequency Identification receiving system. This system but direct diversion demodulation 800MHzZH has totally covered UHF frequency band that RFID reader uses to the frequency domain of 1.5GHz, adopt 4 low power dissipation, high-accuracy strong special chip Ling of anti-interference in the intersection of radio frequency and receiving circuit, have achieved the purpose of the circuit of the reduced system, has improved the reliability of the receiving system.
2 receiving system global design
The main function of receiving system of Radio Frequency Identification is to receive and decode the code message of the electronic label and deal with, so the receiving system is mainly made up of receiving circuit of the signal, amplifying circuit, low-pass smoothing circuit and processing unit MSC1211 four parts of message, among them receiving circuit of the signal, amplifying circuit, low-pass smoothing circuit form base band circuit of the receiving system of the radio frequency. Systematic overall structure.
Overall structure chart of receiving system of Fig. 1
Knowing by Fig. 1, sender and receiver share aerial are responsible for measuring RF carrier and conveying the signal to RF of the demodulator to input through a band-pass filter, the demodulator amplifies and exports sending into the operation amplifier after signal demodulating, is and then used for driving the single-end of the low-pass filter to input, A/D pin that the low-pass filter sends into MSC1211 one-chip computer after carrying on the Shelving of base band to the signal carries on the analog to digital converter.
2.1 MSC1211 one-chip computer
MSC1211 one-chip computer is the integrated figure / high-performance chip of the simulation composite signal that the instrument company of Dezhou of U.S.A. introduced newly, have very high calculated speed, the clock rate reaches 33MHZ, has reduced system noise and power power consumption, have raised it to the data-handling capacity of radio frequency of signal received; Integrate an 24 analog-digital converters of definition within MSC1211, make A/D conversion accuracy reach 24, have improved and changed machine format precision. MSC1211 chip is a control core of the overall system, its main function is to responsible for analysing and processing the received signal coming from a plurality of labels, and offer additional Shelving.
2.2 Demodulator and operation amplifier
RF demodulator has adopted LT5516 chip which insults the special company, this chip direct diversion demodulator 800MHzZH is to the frequency domain of 1.5GHz. LT5516 superior offering to the low level signal linearly is highly sensitive, will not be influenced even under very great undesired signal. The operation amplifier has adopted LT6231 chip which insults special Company, the function to the single-end amplifier of a differentiating from these chip, the single-end used for driving the low-pass filter is input. The differentiating I or Q of LT5516 is exported and changed into a LT6231 difference amplifier of single-ended output. Circuit.
Base band interface circuit of Fig. 2
By 2 Fig. being knowing, set up the intersection of 270pF and external electric capacity, can restrict 10MHz to the output of the demodulator in the intersection of 60Ω and both ends of resistor, in order to prevent any high frequency interference from conveying to LT6231 amplifier. Do not need DC coincidence because of the amplitude shift keying RFID signal, has adopted AC coincidence to the baseband amplifier. Among them the high pass limit that AC coincidence capacitor and amplifier input resistor offer is set as 8kHz, its resistance quantity of the input resistance of the difference amplifier is set as 140Ω, can reduce the noise correlated with inputting to the maximum extent.
2.3 low-pass smoothing circuit
Imitate the Shelving of base band to finish by insulting the special company LT1568 chip, it is the electric-wave filter unit type part of a low-noise, perfect RC, and it has offered the simple solution of 100kHz low-pass and band-pass filter 10MHz alpha cut frequency, as to UHF RFID system commonly used 250kHz is 4MHz signal frequency spectrum, the alpha cut frequency can well meet demands of RFID communication. In this system design, have adopted two LT1568 chips to connect into a double channel, four-step smoothing circuit. Among them the single-end of LT1568 electric-wave filter inputs and outputs conversion gain as 6dB to the differentiating, it is 34dB that the stopband decays. I and Q electric-wave filter matched and guaranteed, have realized an ellipse is low-pass to strain the wave function function by the inherent match of A and B side of LT1568. Circuit.
Double channel of Fig. 3, four-step smoothing circuit
2.4 LCD reveals with USB interface circuit
LCD reveals that adopts the char type LCD display module DMC24138 chip, chip this integrate until the same piece two-sided to print cable the intersection of dot matrix and the intersection of liquid crystal display and FRD7168, the intersection of dot matrix and the intersection of driver and HD44100 and the intersection of control device and the intersection of HD44780,etc. and chip Peng XuanGe. Analog to digital converter MAX194 and one-chip computer interfacing [J ]. The transaction of institute of Jinggang Mountain, 2003.5:58-59
Author: Zhu Bing Long Kan Zhou XuYan Peng XuanGe
RFID technology use the intersection of radio wave and the intersection of automatic recognition and physical target ’ Include the living or abiotic object) . So, RFID is a technical example of automatic recognition of a all right physical target of automatic recognition.
Pieces of this look over full text
If your company plans to use the wireless video recognition technology (RFID, Radio Frequency Identification) To improve the supply chain or strengthen the customer relationship management, then, how can succeed in implementing RFID scheme, reach the optimal investment repayment income?
RFID can bring a business to improve, generally speaking, because of the technical innovation, it can save 20% of the supply chain cost and 20% of the stock cost, the prominent advantage of this investment repayment can be realized during 18 months when enterprises adopt RFID. Though all sorts of advantages of RFID are very spectacular for enterprise, company coming up to a large number has consumed a large amount of money in order to try the technology of this content, and valuable manpower and time, for how about it will be most global company launch and use RFID to return a more sharp thinking to none.
Especially whether at China,out of for cost, standard, lasting risk,etc. the considerations of factors, some enterprises still take the attitude of looking around to RFID technology. If previous planning was not done well, implement the improper words, it will be disadvantageous to procedure and business of the company instead. How to improve the success rate that RFID technology implements, as to a lot of chief information officers (CIO) It is a challenge to come to say.
Executive vice president’s the Ge ‘s of NCR Company RFID solution Think retailer or think disposing the enterprises of RFID while being other, must make good preparations for those of six steps before implementation first of China. Plan, analyze systematically all sidedly, unite every job, it is the key to succeeding in implementing RFID.
First, make the global RFID tactics
A lot of company want, use RFID come on the intersection of tracing and goods at the state that on their global supply chains very much, but they are even unable to tell the applied global tactics of RFID system in their companies clearly. This is not a thing done easily, if your company want to do the global business, must make a piece of global tactics first to stipulate which kind of frequency, technology and data organization the whole company uses in all parts of the world in unison, could guarantee RFID information acquisition and analytic and unobstructed in this way.
Second, need to carry on applied system analysis
Before implementation, should dispose the demand of RFID system on the business clearly, and analyzed these demands. Clear at the same time, all sorts of factors considered while developing and disposing RFID system, overall planning. After planning to finish, yes plan first these to send to the hand who has the right to really determine, so as to guarantee they will be really carried out and implemented.
Third, make a cost / analysis report of benefit
As to RFID users in the supply chain, must carry on the cost / benefit analysis. Some companies can make such analysis: “This system needs to cost 2 million dollars, and we can retract the cost to pass for 3 years, plus 16% of the profits. ” Benefit of this system can obtain from the efficiency of raising one to two percentage points in several hundred job steps carried on in the whole world. In addition, must not forget, your RFID system to be implemented has a lot of indirect benefits, such as promoting customer’s service level etc.. All these should be listed in the report, perhaps also need to carry on the adjustment in right time according to the actual conditions.
Fourth, establish a application model
Enterprises should confirm the first-selected system supplier preparing against and selecting establish and employ models, also need to test hardware and software system of RFID, thus guarantee it can work most idealizing. While establishing and employing the model, also need to consider that imitate the operational site, and study the national relevant regulation and guarantee the implementation of RFID project accords with the national relevant regulation.
Fifth, must design one to implement the plan
After the previous analytical work is finished, CIO will begin to consider the most complete embodiment soon. Take, combine system, employ analysis report, prove system this have simplification and promptness on implementation. Can generally choose one to test module with small difficulty first, follow in order and advance step by step, it will be easier that distributed and implemented to succeed.
Sixth, coordinate and change the influence brought at any time
RFID system will involve each link on the business aspect of company in the course of implementing, if without the cooperation of group, will influence the full play of its efficiency. RFID is a bulky system, all staff influenced by RFID system need to get technical support. The person in charge of system implementation must possess and run the ability that personnel merge together from top management team to the shop. In the course of implementing, there must be special messengers and control the overall system, repair the trouble and carry on system upgrade, thus guarantee RFID system can produce the anticipated benefit.
If you have accomplished the above some, then you will not be too far from success of RFID.
Source: RFID China Tribune
